AP Psychology:: Unit 7 - Motivation Emotion Personality

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*A complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species (e.g., imprinting, nest building, infant sucking reflex).*

**A)** Instinct Theory
**B)** Drive-Reduction Theory
**C)** Arousal Theory
**D)** Incentive Theory

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused psychological tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need and maintain homeostasis (internal biological balance).*

**A)** Drive-Reduction Theory
**B)** Arousal Theory
**C)** Instinct Theory
**D)** Self-Determination Theory

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*Theory that organisms are motivated to maintain an optimal level of physiological arousal; Yerkes-Dodson Law states that performance increases with arousal up to an optimal point, beyond which excessive arousal impairs performance.*

**A)** Optimum Arousal Theory & Yerkes-Dodson Law
**B)** Drive-Reduction Theory
**C)** James-Lange Theory
**D)** Cannon-Bard Theory

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*Pyramid of human needs beginning at the base with physiological needs (food, water), followed by safety, love/belonging, esteem, and culminating in self-actualization and self-transcendence.*

**A)** Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
**B)** Alderfer's ERG Theory
**C)** Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
**D)** McClelland's Need Theory

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*Lateral Hypothalamus (LH) stimulates hunger ('Large Hunger' - damage causes starvation/aphagia), while Ventromedial Hypothalamus (VMH) depresses hunger / signals satiety ('Very Minute Hunger' - damage causes hyperphagia/obesity).*

**A)** Lateral (Stimulates) vs. Ventromedial (Suppresses)
**B)** Ventromedial (Stimulates) vs. Lateral (Suppresses)
**C)** Anterior vs. Posterior
**D)** Paraventricular vs. Suprachiasmatic

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*Ghrelin is secreted by an empty stomach to send 'I'm hungry' signals to the brain, whereas Leptin is secreted by fat cells to signal satiety and decrease appetite.*

**A)** Ghrelin (Hunger) vs. Leptin (Satiety)
**B)** Leptin (Hunger) vs. Ghrelin (Satiety)
**C)** Insulin (Hunger) vs. Glucagon (Satiety)
**D)** Orexin (Satiety) vs. PYY (Hunger)

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*The point at which an individual's 'weight thermostat' is supposedly set; when body weight falls below this point, an increase in hunger and a lowered basal metabolic rate act to restore the lost weight.*

**A)** Set-Point Theory
**B)** Basal Metabolism Theory
**C)** Drive-Reduction Theory
**D)** Homeostatic Reset Theory

Which motivation, emotion, or personality concept is described below?

*The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli (e.g., 'We feel afraid because we tremble, we feel sorry because we cry').*

**A)** James-Lange Theory (Physiology -> Emotion)
**B)** Cannon-Bard Theory
**C)** Schachter-Singer Two-Factor Theory
**D)** Lazarus Cognitive-Mediational Theory